Sewer Scopes

A sewer scope inspection is a specialized service where a camera is inserted into a property’s sewer lateral—the pipe connecting the home’s plumbing to the municipal sewer system or septic tank. The purpose of the inspection is to evaluate the condition of the pipe and identify potential issues such as blockages, leaks, cracks, or other damage. This inspection is particularly important for homebuyers, as it can reveal hidden problems that might require costly repairs.

Risks Involved with Sewer Laterals

Clay Tile Sewer Laterals (Older Systems)

Age and Deterioration: Clay tile pipes were commonly used in homes built before the 1970s. Over time, these pipes are prone to cracking and breaking due to soil pressure, tree root intrusion, and natural aging.Tree Root Intrusion: Clay tiles are joined in sections with mortar, which can deteriorate over time, allowing tree roots to infiltrate and cause blockages.Fragility: Clay is brittle, making it more susceptible to damage from ground shifts or heavy loads above the pipe. Repair and Replacement Costs: Repairs for clay tile laterals can be expensive due to the need for excavation and replacement with modern materials. In suburban areas, homeowners are typically responsible for repairs from the home to the main sewer line.

PVC Sewer Laterals (Modern Systems)

Durability: PVC pipes, introduced in the 1970s and widely adopted by the 1980s, are far more durable and resistant to root intrusion and corrosion than clay tiles.Installation Quality Issues: Problems in PVC systems often arise from poor installation, such as improper slope or poorly joined sections, which can lead to blockages or water pooling inside the pipe.External Damage: Although PVC is resilient, it can still be damaged by improper landscaping, construction, or heavy machinery above the line.Rare Root Intrusion: Tree roots are less likely to penetrate PVC pipes, but this risk exists if the pipe is damaged or improperly sealed.

Value of a Sewer Scope Inspection

Clay Tile Laterals:A sewer scope is highly recommended for properties with clay tile laterals due to their inherent vulnerabilities. The inspection can identify cracking, root intrusion, or blockages that might otherwise go unnoticed until a costly backup occurs. In older neighborhoods or homes built before the 1970s, a sewer scope can provide clarity on the pipe’s lifespan and potential repair needs.PVC Laterals:While less risky than clay tile, PVC laterals are not immune to problems. A sewer scope can detect issues such as poor installation, joint separation, or external damage. This is especially valuable for homes built in the transition period between the 1970s and 1980s or where homeowners suspect prior work on the system. In Chicago, where the city often covers repairs from the sidewalk to the street connection, knowing the lateral’s material and condition can help clients decide if additional coverage or repairs are necessary.

Key Benefits of Sewer Scopes

Early Detection: Identifies hidden problems before they become emergencies.Informed Decision-Making: Helps buyers understand potential repair costs and negotiate with sellers.Long-Term Savings: Prevents costly backups and damage to the home.Material Identification: Differentiates between clay tile and PVC, guiding homeowners on maintenance and repair expectations.

General Recommendations

Houses built prior to 1970, High chance to find issues with the sewer lateral.
Houses built between 1970s and the 1980s is a reduced chance to find issues with the sewer lateral.
Houses built after the 1980s have a lower chance to find issues with the sewer lateral.
Clay Tile Laterals: Strongly recommend a sewer scope to evaluate their condition.
PVC Laterals: Rarely do we find any issues with the sewer laterals.

By providing this guidance, you help your clients weigh the value of a sewer scope inspection based on the type of lateral, its age, and the risks involved.